Soldiers from the 12th Army on the Acropolis of Athens. Each regiment had one or more battalions that were individually assigned to theatres. War of 1812 War Of 1812. In early 1812, the infantry was expanded from seven to 18 regiments and by 1814 had 48 regiments. War of 1812 military papers, 1812-1816 - Rhode Island Their pre-war training also emphasized winter manoeuvres and amphibious operations. I would like to note Gen. Wadsworth's division, War of 1812. The grenadier company, originally organized to use grenades, included the most experienced soldiers of the battalion, while the light company was normally employed ahead of the battalion in a skirmishing role. Legions and Sublegions Infantry Dragoons Known as the " Chesapeake Affair ," the event outraged even temperate Americans. Canadian units of the War of 1812 - Wikipedia Regiments Asian American and Pacific Islanders have been serving honorably in the United States Military, since the War of 1812. Four soldiers, two wives, and two children died; all others were saved. Herbert Morton Stoops. 98.2.4 Records of the Division of the South. The artillery was organized by function and included field, siege, garrison and horse artillery. Guns were now light enough to be moved by two or four horses and were powerful enough to support the infantry. The Rangers found that the standard infantry bayonet was too cumbersome for bush fighting and often used hatchets (tomahawks) instead. It is not known with which model musket they were issued, although some scholars have suggested that they would have been captured American Springfield Model 1795 Musket (British forces under Isaac Brock captured over 1200 Muskets and over 200 Rifles at Detroit) while some others contend they may have used trade muskets instead. Personnel of the Royal Artillery and the Royal Engineers were controlled by another organization called the Board of Ordnance, which was also responsible for all ordnance provided to the army and the Royal Navy. There is also a Modern Re-enacting unit that recreates the Rangers; they are based out of Amherstburg, Ontario and work in conjunction with Fort Malden. Formed partly from volunteers, and partly from conscripted men chosen by lot, who served for one year only. The history and heritage of the Canadian Regiment of Fencible Infantry is carried on in the Canadian Army by the Royal 22e Rgiment. The United States had a variety of . Military units and formations of the War of 1812, American military units and formations of the War of 1812, British military units and formations of the War of 1812, Canadian military units and formations of the War of 1812, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_the_War_of_1812&oldid=164324730, This page was last edited on 13 October 2007, at 18:18. As a "royal" unit, it had blue facings to its red coats. consisting of orders, 1792-93, and enlisted returns, 1789-92. It is known that the rangers were issued a "bucket cap" (probably a cut down infantry shako without the brass plate or hackle), grey woollen trousers and a green woollen tunic, and a black leather bayonet belt and cartridge box. [1]:1718 Originally intended to wear highlander uniforms (kilts, etc. Thanks for contributing to The Canadian Encyclopedia. The light battalions were broken up late in 1813 or in early 1814. [3] Detachments from the regiment fought at the Battle of Sackett's Harbor and in the various campaigns on the Niagara peninsula. [9] Though their unit contained French-speaking Canadians for the majority, their orders were given in English. Although usually intended for garrison duty only, several units saw action. The Scottish recruits feared that they were about to be "crimped" for service in India or other unhealthy posts, and mutinied. A Most Warlike This had been responsible since the late 18th century for military transport and police duties on the Great Lakes. These regiments had British officers and NCOs, while the rank and file were recruited locally. War of 1812 Discharge Certificates Appendix I: List of Units and Subunits Appendix II: List of Company/Detachment Commanders Appendix III: List of Soldiers by Name Appendix IV: List of Soldiers by Unit Appendix I: List of Units and Subunits These are listed by Regiment (or major unit) then by subunit. of British Regiments and other 1812 Replicas. The detachment subsequently took part in the Battle of Mackinac Island and the Engagement on Lake Huron. (Division of the South, 7th Military Department, and Post of The general organization and equipment of the American forces were similar to those of the British. Originally raised by William McKay from among the boatmen of the North West Fur Company, to move military supplies west from Quebec and Montreal. The flank companies of the first to fourth battalions were detached to form (with detached light companies of British regular battalions) two ad hoc light infantry battalions during much of 1813. 1st-5th Military Departments. This list may not reflect recent changes . These units all carry the Niagara battle honour awarded to the battalion in the aftermath of the war. A small detachment fought at the Battle of Crysler's Farm and some of the battalion companies served as marines with the squadron on Lake Champlain, in several raids in 1813. [1]:2021 They were formed from volunteers from the militia by Lieutenant-Colonel Charles de Salaberry in 1812. United States Infantry Regiments [ edit | edit source] A list of the companies for each regiment is on the NARA website. May 1784. War of 1812 Campaigns. Category : Military units and formations of the War of 1812 There were 46 infantry regiments in the War of 1812 for a total of about 50,324 men. Regimental Histories of Tennessee Units During the War of 1812, Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 14:44, Jean Lafitte National Historic Park Historic Resource Study, The Battle of New Orleans Order of Battle and Scenario Rules via warof1812wargaming.blogspot, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Orleans_American_order_of_battle&oldid=1140738891, Advisers to General Jackson: Brigadier General, Volunteer chief of engineers: Arsene Lacarriere Latour, 1st Regiment West Tennessee Militia: Col William Metcalf, 2nd Regiment West Tennessee Militia: Col John Cocke, 3rd Regiment West Tennessee Militia: Col James Raulston, 1st Regiment West Tennessee Volunteer Mounted Gunmen: Col Robert Dyer, 2nd Regiment West Tennessee Volunteer Mounted Gunmen: Col Thomas Williamson, Gray's Kentucky Militia Regiment: Ltc John Davis (detached to West Bank), Mitchusson's Kentucky Militia Regiment: Ltc William Mitchusson, Several regiments/divisions of Louisiana Militia, Lacoste's Free Men of Color: Maj Pierre Lacoste, Detachment, 1st U.S. Dragoons (there were no US Dragoons present at the Battle of New Orleans. The Yugoslavians crumbled first. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Records of United States Army Commands, 1784-1821, Statistical Summary of Holdings by Record Group Number, Search this Record Group in the National Archives Online Catalog. Biographies A volunteer horsed unit[1]:33 perpetuated in the modern Canadian Army by Le Rgiment de la Chaudire. This page has been viewed 7,577 times (0 via redirect). Boston, MA, consisting of an order book, 1786-87, and garrison number of sources including C.Hamilton Smith's 1812 charts, DeBosset's War of 1812 - Wikipedia [10] The Corps of Canadian Voyageurs are perpetuated in the Canadian Army by the Canadian Grenadier Guards. Militia Resource Guide 1682-1815 - Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Nevertheless, militia from Lincoln County and other districts along the Niagara River continued to turn out for duty for the remainder of the war. After the 5th battalion of Select Embodied Militia attracted unfavourable reports in 1814 (mainly because of the absence without leave of several of its officers), it was reorganised and reformed as a light infantry unit, the Canadian Chasseurs. A Compilation of Registers of the Army of the United States, from 1815 to 1837, Inclusive. officers, and company returns, 3d Military District, 1813-15; and The standard firearm employed by British forces was the Brown Bess musket, which had been adopted in the 18th century. This page was last edited on 7 December 2022, at 18:05. Order The troop was issued swords and pistols and were called out as part of the "Stationary Express' (likely a double entendre), running dispatches throughout the war between York and Kingston. Many militia had their own hunting weapons, and during the war, large numbers of British muskets were imported and issued to the militia. Hampton, commanding 5th Military District, April-May 1813. They had no recognised uniform and wore practical clothing as the season required. Resources in NARA Scan your War of 1812 records in our DC Scanning Room! Issuances, During the War of 1812, Louisiana supplied 7,491 infantry men, 988 cavalry men, 163 artillery men, and 1,045 men in miscellaneous troops for a total of 9,687 men. It consisted of four officers and 31 gunners.[12]. Commands, 1821-1920. Athens, Georgia: Iberian Publishing Co., 1988. (2014). Northern, Southern, and Western Military Districts. The British Army Stationed in British North America 1812-1815 The sedentary militia, which included all males between the ages of 16 and 60, were also called up when required. The multi-battalion regiments that comprised the British Army were not common practice in the US Army. S = click here. There were 46 infantry regiments in theWar of 1812for a total of about 50,324 men. Fort Malden National Historic Site (Canada) has in recent years employed summer students for the re-created unit at the Park and regional re-enactments. The detachment was stationed at Fort George and played a major part in the Battle of Queenston Heights. Indian Department officers were indeed often of mixed Native and European ancestry. It began when the United States declared war on 18 June 1812. Late in 1813, the Americans under James Wilkinson descended the Saint Lawrence to attack Montreal. They operated alongside a group of Mohawk warriors at Lacolle, engaging in running firefights with the Americans during the latter's advance to the mill. For various military [1]:4142, Raised in June 1813, commanded by Captain Alexander Cameron. Weapons, Introduction Register of officers, 1815. This regiment was raised in 1803. Records of U.S. Army Continental Commands, 1821-1920, RG 393. 12th Army (Wehrmacht) - Wikipedia Armee) was a World War II field army of the Wehrmacht. Today's 181st Infantry Regiment, 101st Field Artillery Regiment, and 101st Engineer Battalion (United States) respectively trace their origins to these three regiments. War of 1812 :: New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center War of 1812 website from the Delaware Public Archives. Regiment, 1805-11; and 1st, 3d, 7th, and 8th Regiments, 1815-21. 1784-1822 The nomenclature of the version most seen in North America was the "Short Land Musket, India Pattern." In 1814, up to 500 members of the local (Lincoln) and York sedentary militia took part in the Battle of Lundy's Lane. After December 13, 1636, this changed. that Ren Chartrand's numerous works on British, Canadian, and West Unless otherwise noted, all information, images, data contained within Normally in Upper Canada, militia units would meet once a year to receive minor military training. [1]:4041 Originally scattered in several garrisons, the battalion concentrated at York, before seeing action on the Niagara peninsula. Statewide. The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 - 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its own indigenous allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. The unit was trained in light infantry tactics with the intention of being formally converted to light infantry. Fernandina, East Florida). The militia also provided a source of manpower. War of 1812 military papers, 1812-1816 War of 1812- Participatory Record finding aid Scope and Contents. order book, Commander of the Defense of the City and Harbor of Ninety-five graduates served principally in both those arms during the War of 1812. Textual Records: Letters sent and received by Maj. Thomas The gun was worked by a detachment of three men and assisted by anywhere from five to 12 other men. [citation needed]. These were organized for administrative purposes into "divisions", equivalent to regiments though of very variable size. Horse artillery was not used in North America and siege batteries, using larger calibre guns, were not formed. (Jefferson . There was also a Mississippi Volunteer Artillery detachment. It had under its command seven infantry divisions and one mountain division in May 1940. Archival Material. The 12th Army (German: 12. [1]:20, Many of its personnel took part in actions in which the peoples to whom they were attached participated. Contemporary accounts referred to the regiment as the Royal Nova Scotia Regiment, which had, however, been disbanded some years earlier. Related Records: Order book, 9th Military Department, June 1819- During the Rebellion of 1837 (1837-1838) Gore District established several militia units including: During the initial stages of the war, Major-General Isaac Brock moblized contingents of Upper Canada militia, including Essex, Kent, Norfolk and Oxford from the western districts, to bolster his forces in the face of a large American invasion force being assembled in the Michigan territory under the command of Brigadier-General William Hull. The most well known victory won by Natives fighting directly under British command was the Battle of Beaver Dams in 1813. & Fencible Regiments, Board Two of the companies had specialist tasks. A small company of volunteer cavalry. A small unit of 45 men raised at Fort Mackinac in 1813. 98.2.2 Records of military districts, War of 1812 98.2.3 Records of the Division of the North 98.2.4 Records of the Division of the South 98.2.5 Records of army posts 98.3 RECORDS OF ARMY UNITS 1784-1822 31 lin. The uniform of red coats had green facings, although uniforms were issued erratically and not all the companies would have had an official, recognized uniform. 393, Records of U.S. Army Continental Commands, 1821-1920. Muskets Each battalion had 10 companies, each of which had approximately 100 men, although the units were rarely at full strength. Contrary to British practice, which split control of arms and services between various departments and ministries, the US Army encompassed all infantry, rifle, artillery and cavalry units. registers, 3d Military Department, 1815-19. The British land forces that defended British North America during the War of 1812 were drawn from a number of organizations. General orders issued by Maj. Gen. Wade ft. 98.2.1 Records of geographical commands, 1798-1813. If you have an All Access membership to ancestry you also get . The empires of England and France spent 1789-1815 locked in an almost constant war for global superiority. Military Department, 1815-19. Letters sent, order books, and [citation needed]. proceedings, registers of furloughs and discharges, lists of History: Established May 17, 1815, with headquarters at 2, 1814; reduced to 9 by consolidation of 4th and 10th Districts, The War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain began formally on June 18, 1812. U.S., Returns from Military Posts, 1806-1916 U.S., War of 1812 Pension Application Files Index, 1812-1815 U.S., War Bounty Land Warrants, 1789-1858. [5], Formed by order of Lieutenant-General Sir George Prvost in 1812, recruited from settlements of discharged Scottish soldiers (and some evicted Scottish highlanders) in Glengarry district. Late in 1813, following the Battle of Lake Erie, the Americans recaptured Detroit, captured Amherstburg and defeated the retreating British army under Major-General Henry Procter at the Battle of the Thames. The seventh and eighth battalions of Sedentary Embodied Militia were formed in Montreal in late 1813 when an American attack was threatened, but were disbanded as soon as the crisis was over. A troop of 50 men provided their own horses and tack, by 1813 they were issued blue short jackets and grey trousers and served as part of the 3rd York Militia. War Of 1812 - U.S. Army Center Of Military History War of 1812 - Causes, Battles & Impact | HISTORY Indian uniforms were extremely helpful. of Ordnance & Other Corps. Back to Books and Research Materials. Compiled records showing service of military units in volunteer Union organizations; Compiled service records of Confederate general and staff officers and nonregimental enlisted men . Aggregate of articles pertaining to military units of the War of 1812. [7]:40. Finding Aids: Maizie Johnson and Sarah Powell, comps., [1]:41 This unit is perpetuated in the Canadian Army by the Essex and Kent Scottish Regiment. [1] Under General Walther Wenck, the 12th Army made the last attempt by a German Army to relieve the besieged capital during the Battle of Berlin. Occasionally noted is location where served, names of previous commanders, names of succeeding officers, previous names of the military unit, and other details. Summary Artillery, 1808-21; 1st Regiment, 1803-15; 2d and 3d Regiments, Officers. British When the Select Embodied Militia units were first formed, they were forced by a shortage of official pattern uniforms to adopt a variety of dress. Artillery could fire solid shot, a spherical iron ball, or spherical case shot, later known as shrapnel after its inventor, Henry Shrapnel. War of 1812 Discharge Certificates | National Archives [1]:2123 (Late in the war, there was some trouble when Prvost refused to exempt men who had already served for a year from the ballot.) In February 1941, an agreement between Field Marshal List and the Bulgarian General Staff allowed the passage of German troops. A daguerrotype of Major John Button in the 1850s (in the Governor General's Horse Guards Collection) shows the octagenarian wearing a blue jacket and plumed top-hat, clutching a 1796 pattern sabre. 1813-15. Letters sent, issuances, order books, and miscellaneous The Brown Bess was a smooth bore weapon that could fire a ball of .75 calibre nearly 230 metres, but was most accurate between 45 and 90 metres. Four battalions were initially formed early in 1812, followed by a fifth after war was declared, and a sixth in 1813. Except for the 6th battalion, which garrisoned the citadel of Quebec city, detachments of all the Select Embodied Militia units saw action in the Montreal or Lake Champlain sectors. A company of volunteer militiamen formed in Kent county on 25 November 1813. Perpetuation of battalions of the Select Embodied Militia within the Canadian Army is assigned to the following regiments: Most militia units in Upper Canada formed flank companies, who served on a more regular or full-time basis than the ordinary members of the militia, and were sometimes termed Volunteers. Though outnumbered, this combined force of regulars and militia was successful in capturing Detroit in August 1812. Forts Some elements of the 1st battalion served in the skirmish at Lacolle Mills in November 1812. Consisted of 6th- Each of the separate British administrations formed regular and fencible units, and both full-time and part-time militia units, many of which played a major part in the fighting over the two and a half years of the war. Founded on 1812/1813, possibly disbanded in the 1820s (Cavalry). Chronology [1]:41 They served in the west, including at the Siege of Prairie du Chien. The second and third regiments each had two battalions, each of which had 10 companies. Records of U.S. Army Coast Artillery Districts and Defenses, 1901-1942, On 6 April, units of the 12th army advanced into Yugoslavia and Greece. Two battalions of Royal Marines also served in Canada beginning in late 1813. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Appendix II: List of Company/Detachment Commanders, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. ), they wore the dark green uniform with black facings of the Rifle Brigade instead, although they were armed with muskets rather than rifles.[6]. History: Established May 17, 1815, with headquarters at Nevertheless, they served in North America only. The units and corps of the army were restructured and slowly expanded until 1811, and beginning in 1812, the first steps were taken to place the army on a war footing. The War of 1812, which lasted from June 18, 1812 to February 18, 1815, was a military conflict between the United States, Great Britain, and Great Britain's Native American allies on the North American continent. All rights reserved. The Rangers were recruited locally from Essex County and enrolled into the militia, but not permitted to quit the British service at their leisure as sedentary Militia could. army into Eastern and Western Departments, May 1821. (FS Library book FS Library book 975.5 M2bs.) sent, 1817-21, and order books, 8th Military Department, 1815-19. The British boarded and seized four men. Such flank companies took part in the Battle of Queenston Heights and other actions on the Niagara peninsula. This plan met with disapproval from every Canadian officer. A list of the companies for each regiment, except the 2nd, is on the NARA website. 1st Regiment, Infantry - men from New Jersey [2] 2nd Regiment, Infantry - men from Louisiana [2] USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration These in turn were administered by the Districts of Montreal, Trois-Rivires and Quebec (although the Eastern Townships were largely independent of the Montreal district command). Each parish provided a militia company. 98.2.2 Records of military districts, War of 1812. By 1812, the United States Army was a relatively new organization, having been formed in 1784. General Index to Service Records of Volunteer Soldiers who served during the War of 1812; Pay Vouchers - War of 1812; War of 1812 military bounty land warrants, 1815 . This Web version is updated from time to time to include records processed since 1995. War of 1812 | History, Summary, Causes, Effects, Timeline, Facts West Virginia War of 1812 Military Records; For a list of where regiments were raised and regimental and company officers, see: Butler, Stuart Lee. United States War of 1812 Infantry Units FamilySearch Documents. They were supposed to wear full dress in action, to prevent them being mistaken for Americans by excited warriors (or being taken for "blue-eyed Indians", renegades and rogue fur traders, by American soldiers). "Preliminary Inventory of the Records of United States Army It involved about 60,000 U.S. Army forces supported by 470,000 militia and volunteer troops.