The books are all available in The National Archives reference library. Lexington, Concord, Bunker Hill, Siege of Boston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, and Brandywine. Survivors of the British prison ships include the poet Philip Freneau, Congressmen Robert Brown and George Mathews. Search our catalogue using the search terms suggested in section two alongside the word maps. Transferred to the 17th Regiment of Dragoons in 1778. Loyola University Press, Chicago. In terms of casualties, at Long Island the Americans lost 2,200 men, the British and Hessians about 350. List of British generals and brigadiers - Wikipedia [15] Lang, Patrick J.. "The horrors of the English prison ships, 1776 to 1783, and the barbarous treatment of the American patriots imprisoned on them." Siege of Yorktown | Summary, Combatants, Casualties, & Facts Taylor, George. Notre site est en transition. The prisoners of war were harassed and abused by guards who, with little success, offered release to those who agreed to serve in the British Navy. During the Revolutionary War more soldiers died from disease than from combat. Dabney, William M. (1954). Read the Revolution is published biweekly by the Museum of the American Revolution to inspire learning about the history of the American Revolution and its ongoing relevance. 20th (The East Devonshire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in Qubec in 1776. 29th (Worcestershire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1768 (Boston). Purchase the book from the Museum Shop. The Continental Congress's forcing of Americans to quarter prisoners was a major source of contention among the people. Soon after the death of my father I was sent to school. Soldiers had a poor diet, worn out clothes, damp shelters, and lived in unsanitary conditions. Returned to Charleston in 1779 and Camden, Guilford Court House, Green Spring, and the Siege of Yorktown (captured). They fought in most of the main campaigns of this war and in 1783 left with the Basic Books, New York. Petition: used for both petitions and memorials. 57th (West Middlesex) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1776 (North Carolina). Holland Club. Perhaps you can help direct me to a source of information about Phillip White who was a British light dragoon stationed in the Salem/Lynn/Boston area around 1755-1760. The British had started their official campaigns in the South, which brought the risk of insurrections. Participated in Burgoynes Campaign (captured at Saratoga). Elias Boudinot, as one of the commissaries, was competing with other agents seeking to gather supplies for Washington's army at Valley Forge. The majority of the rest had learned their practice through an apprenticeship with an established physician. The more useful the prisoners of war were, the less economically burdensome they were on the town. In a series of letters to a friend." All were disbanded at the end of the war. The Siege of Boston. They were feared across the world for how effective they were in the field. We had sixty or seventy miles to go among the wild Irish, and meeting one of the kings tide-waiters, he told us he believed he knew where the deserter might be found. You can also enter any term in the keyword box such as place of origin, place of residence, ship, destination, occupation etc. Return of Employees: used for returns and/or lists of civilian employees. Once resources became scarce in Massachusetts, Congress ordered the army to be moved South. Consult Access the Records for other options such as ordering copies. 79th Regiment of Foot (Royal Liverpool Volunteers): Sent to Jamaica in 1779. 1903. Would there be any record of his service? [1] When I arrived, I went to Col. Monckton and told him who I was, as he had some knowledge of my fathers family. This is a list of British units which took part in the American Revolutionary War (17751783), fighting against the American rebels and their French, Spanish and Dutch allies in the thirteen North American colonies, including battles in Florida and the West Indies. The reception prisoners received varied by location. Timeline of the American Revolution | Britannica Lexington, Concord, Siege of Boston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Charleston, East Florida; sent to Barbados. April 19, 1775 - Minute Man National Historical Park (U.S. National The colonel ordered the sergeant of the guard to take the deserter to the guard house; he then thanked us for our faithfulness, and when he understood from all the party that young Burke was the sole means of taking the prisoner, he told me he would not forget me, and then out his hand into his pocket, and gave me a guinea. Lexington, Concord, Bunker Hill, Siege of Boston, Long Island, and Fort Washington. Penobscot. Proceedings: used for the proceedings, minutes, or reports of various boards, courts, councils, etc. Mailing Address: "[27] The treatment of prisoners of war varied from state to state. Siege of Boston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, and Monmouth Court House. Provisions among the prisoners also varied but generally ranged from mediocre to bad in the last years of the war. Overall, the prisoners staying in Boston were in relative peace, remarking that the general population of Boston was civil and tolerant of them. Proposal: used for written proposals of one sort or another, often but not necessarily military in nature. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The American Revolutionalso called the U.S. War of Independencewas the insurrection fought between 1775 and 1783 through which 13 of Great Britain's North American colonies threw off British rule to establish the sovereign United States of America, founded with the Declaration of Independence in 1776. This page is not available in other languages. Protests in prison towns were common, and people who denied prisoners entry were punished for disobeying the Continental Congress in the form of fines, jail time, and even property expropriation.[31]. [24] The official stance in the capturing of enemy troops was one of mercy. British Soldiers in the Revolutionary War Review the following available resources to see if your ancestor has already been researched. Siege of Yorktown, (September 28-October 19, 1781), joint Franco-American land and sea campaign that entrapped a major British army on a peninsula at Yorktown, Virginia, and forced its surrender. Originally composed by the British to mock the colonial forces, the song became popular with Americans after their victory the ultimate tongue-out, thumbs-in-ears-with-fingers-waving anthem for a proud, young nation. After winning the Battle of Trenton on the morning of December 26, 1776, Washington found himself left with hundreds of Hessian troops who had surrendered to the Americans. Charleston, Ninety Six, and Eutaw Springs; sent to St. Lucia in 1782. Transferred south and fought at Portsmouth, Green Spring, and Yorktown (captured). I sprung to the bed-side, put my bayonet to his breast, and told him he was my prisoner. The Continental Congress's policies on the treatment of POWs remained the same for all enemy combatants, and so the prisoner system was generally the same for the two nationalities. Narrative accounts of military service during the Revolutionary War written by enlisted men of the British Army are scarce. French Navy Casualty List. Applewood Books. Our voyage was very pleasant till we arrived in the bay of Biscay, where we had such a terrible storm for two days and nights that the captain ordered the hatchway closed down, and tarpauling nailed over it. For more about the British Army during the Revolutionary War, learn about the Museums 2019-20 special exhibition,Cost of Revolution: The Life and Death of an Irish Soldier. So we took off our scarlet coats, and put on others, to prevent our being known by the deserter if we should come where he was. Also served in garrison duty at Halifax. Transferred to Qubec in 1776. It was already struggling to provide for the Continental Army. American Revolution Facts | American Battlefield Trust Eagle Book Printing Department, 1895. The series includes a variety of documents about loyalist soldiers and civilian refugees (both white and black people) but also about people who were on Manhattan Island or the adjacent mainland dominated by the British during the American Revolution, as well as many British and German soldiers who settled in Canada later and also some rebels. 82nd Regiment of Foot (Lanarkshire): Arrived in America in 1779 (New York). The Royal Navy during the American Revolution. When you use our catalogue to search for records you are actually searching across these titles and descriptions, rather than the contents of the records themselves. This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 00:48. Depending on the details contained in the actual record, the item page will include some but not all of the following fields: To suggest a correction, click on the Suggest a Correction link to access an electronic form. [original research?] 23rd Regiment of Foot (Royal Welch Fusiliers): Arrived in America in 1775 (Boston). To target a departments records you need to place the department code in the reference boxes. 55th (Westmoreland) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1775 (Boston). Siege of Boston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Brandywine, Germantown, Whitemarsh, Monmouth Court House, Stony Point, and the Siege of Yorktown (captured). Their corpses were often tossed overboard but sometimes were buried in shallow graves along the eroding shoreline. Note that some entries include only an initial for the given names and some entries include only a surname. List of British units in the American Revolutionary War, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), Newland, Samuel J. British Soldiers, American War: Voices of the American Revolution by Don Hagist. For the sender, Letter from was used; for the recipient, Letter to was used. I begged and prayed for mercy, although I was very ignorant of that holy God upon whom I called. [40] After the Convention Army was captured, the rate of prisoner exchanges increased dramatically as a result. Forgotten Patriots, p. 188. PDF PRISONERS OF WAR (POWs) DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION - Sons of the If a person other than the sender or recipient is merely mentioned in a petition, Petition (mentioned) was used. [16], The American Revolution was an expensive war, and lack of money and resources led to the horrible conditions of British prison ships. The content of the database entries reflects the original language used in the documents. Part 1: SOLDIER BIOGRAPHIES Much research has already been conducted on several Hessian Soldiers. Invoice: used mostly for invoices of clothing, foodstuffs, and other cargoes shipped to America. "The life and adventures of Christopher Hawkins, a prisoner on board the 'Old Jersey' prison ship during the War of the Revolution." June 17, 1775: Battle of Bunker Hill. 49th (Hertfordshire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1775 (Boston). Some groups of people have been consistently indexed: Initially, names of officers with ranks up to and including colonel were indexed, while those from brigadier-general and higher were not. 33rd (1st Yorkshire West Riding) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1776 (North Carolina). This is a compilation of some of the most important leaders among the many participants in the war. In towns that could not afford to feed prisoners, the prisoners were put to work to feed themselves. Join the Museum throughout A Revolutionary Summer to explore what freedom means to you through our Black Founders exhibition, core galleries, and special events for visitors of all ages. 3rd Regiment of Foot (The Buffs): Arrived in America in 1781 (South Carolina). When we came to the castle the whole regiment flocked around us to see the deserter; they had thought that we should all have been killed by the Catholic Irish. It was here that British colonists risked their lives and property . Of the 1,400 medical practitioners who served in the Continental Army, only about ten percent had formal medical degrees. To find records of Loyalists do a Subject Searchin the FamilySearch Catalog for: Or, do a search atPlace Search in the FamilySearch Catalog for: See the Wiki articles for the states and provinces where your Loyalist ancestor lived. Transferred to Charleston in 1779 and fought at Blackstocks Plantation, Hobkirks Hill, and Eutaw Springs. Militia: a part of the organized armed forces of a country liable to call only in emergency or a body of citizens organized for military service. This is a list of people who held general officer rank or the rank of brigadier (together now recognized as starred officers) in the British Army, Royal Marines, British Indian Army or other military force. British Army during the American Revolutionary War - Wikipedia Andros, Thomas. 21st Regiment of Foot (Royal North British Fusiliers): Arrived in Qubec in 1776. I do most earnestly enjoin you to bring him to such severe and exemplary punishment as the enormity of the crime may require."[22][23]. 38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1774 (Boston). American Revolution gave birth to many songs, but none gained the widespread notoriety that "Yankee Doodle" did. Statement: used for statements, narratives, and representations. We then took him, and set off for the river that runs from that place to Limerick; we had seven or eight miles to march o the place where we had seen the kings tide-waiter; we arrived at day-light, and embarked on board a sloop for Limerick, and arrived there the afternoon of the next day. Siege of Boston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Brandywine, Germantown, Whitemarsh, Monmouth Court House, Stony Point, Charleston, Camden, Guilford Court House, and the Siege of Yorktown (captured). [37] Between the time of the Siege of Yorktown (1781) and the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1783), many of the Convention troops, by then mostly Germans, escaped and took up permanent residence in the United States. "Recollections of the Jersey Prison Ship" (American Experience Series, No 8). A town unable to erect barracks for the prisoners was forced to house them in community churches and even citizens' homes. Charleston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Brandywine, and Monmouth Court House. Transferred south and fought at Yorktown (captured). The Prisoner in the American Revolution, p. 191-232. In the Hands of the British: The Treatment of American POWs during the War of Independence. Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill. They contain list of refugees in New York (1776-1783), lists of persons who were evacuated from New York in 1783, list of refugees from Massachusetts and Rhode Island who were evacuated through the port of New York and numerous references to Port Roseway and Shelburne, Nova Scotia. Discovery is a catalogue of archival records across the UK and beyond, from which you can search 32 million records. Transferred north and fought in the New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Brandywine, and Monmouth Court House. Local communities attempted to make prison towns as profitable as possible and often helped prisoners find jobs or sent them to other towns and states for work. Return of Officials: used for lists of government officials. 43rd (Monmouthshire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1774 (Boston). The Convention Army initially took its POW status gracefully, but only because it was under the assumption that it would be sent home within a year. Fought in Quebec, the Hudson Valley, and in the Southern Theater at Charleston and Eutaw Springs. "Martyrs To The Revolution In The British Prison-Ships In The Wallabout Bay." "After spending the next year in camps near Cambridge and Rutland, Massachusetts, they were sent by Congress on an overland odyssey that, by the end of the war, took them down to Virginia, then up to Maryland, into Pennsylvania again, and finally back to Rutland. My situation was now very unpleasant, as I had never been ten times on the salt water before. Propaganda was used by Americans and by captured high-ranking British officials to dissuade troops from deserting, but it largely failed. No battle honours were ever awarded to British regiments who fought in America as it was seen by the British to be a civil war. When you have entered your search terms, click on "Search." 09:00 to 17:00. Some 2,300 British troops eventually cleared the hill of the entrenched Americans, but at the cost of more than 40 percent of the . Siege of Boston and Long Island. Siege of Boston, Bunker Hill, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Monmouth Court House. [1] [2] King George III of Great Britain had declared American forces traitors in 1775, which denied them prisoner-of-war status. I became fond of going to school, and at the age of fourteen could read and write very well. Split into two units and transferred to East Florida and Nova Scotia in 1778. What did he carry? In this selection, Burke describes his early life growing up in County Galway, Ireland, and his subsequent decision to join the British Army. Charles Blake (surgeon) John Blakeney (died 1789) William Blakeney (died 1804) Thomas Blomefield Joseph Brant Sir Gonville Bromhead, 1st Baronet Montfort Browne Richard Brunton (artist) [32] The Continental Congress was now in the position of holding a massive number of prisoners of war on American soil, an infrequent occurrence until then. I joined his regiment, and soon after this, a soldier having deserted from the regiment, I offered to go as one of the four men whom the colonel was to send with the corporal in pursuit of the man. 4 (2000): pp. 27th (Enniskillings) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1775 (Boston). Minute Man National Historical Park in Lexington, Lincoln, and Concord, Massachusetts, preserves and interprets the sites, structures, and landscapes that became the field of battle during the first armed conflict of the American Revolution on April 19, 1775. The British Headquarters Papers, New York (also known as the Carleton Papers) contain records kept by commanders-in-chief of the British Army in North America during the American Revolution (1776-1783).These 30,000 manuscript pages provide details of the services, sufferings and forced emigration of Loyalists of all classes who were banished, had their property confiscated and . Leys, Catholics in England 1559-1829: A Social History (New York: Catholic Book Club, 1961) Edward R. Curtis, The Organization of the British Army in the American Revolution (London, 1926) 18th (The Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1774 (Boston). The Continental Congress had the sole authority to decide where the prisoners went, and the local towns had little forewarning and no say in the matter. Lake Champlain, Burgoynes Campaign (captured at Saratoga). Paylist: used for abstracts, accounts, and lists of pay (usually but not necessarily pertaining to military salaries). The Siege of Boston, New York Campaign, Philadelphia Campaign, Brandywine, Paoli, and Germantown. Caught in the midst of loading his musket at the Battle of Long Island in August 1776, Private William Burke of the British Army's 45th Regiment of Foot is the subject of one of the Museum . Transferred to East Florida in 1778 and St. Kitts in 1779. Proclamation: used occasionally for official proclamations issued by the commander-in-chief or another authority. I collected his laborers, and kept accounts of the number of days they worked, &c. After living with this gentleman two years, I went to live with the Rev. Col. Henry Monckton, who was shortly to sail with his regiment up the straits of Minorca. One primary difference in the 18th century was that care and supplies for captives were expected to be provided by their own combatants or private resources. 1833. Last updated: February 26, 2015. [41], Aside from the official marching of the Convention Army, captured prisoners were paraded through cities after military victories as a form of celebration for the Americans and humiliation for their enemies. Click on the links below to search within specific record series known to contain material relating to the American Revolution. This content remains active until it is transferred to the, Sir Guy Carleton branch of the Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada, Sir Guy Carleton Branch of the United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada, Loyalists in the MaritimesWard Chipman Muster Master's Office, 17771785, Carleton Papers Loyalists and British Soldiers, 1772-1784. 19th (The 1st Yorkshire North Riding) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1781 (South Carolina). American Revolution: Life as a Revolutionary War Soldier - Ducksters Associations and lists of researched soldiers Johannes Schwalm Historical Association (JSHA) Registry http://jsha.org/jsharegis.htm 35th (Dorsetshire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1775 (Boston). Account: used for a wide range of financial accounts, often pertaining to expenses in government departments. Metzger, Charles H. (1962). November 1, 1986. Several other British colonies existed on the North American continent, but remained loyal to the King. Important note: Given that some of the original documents are very difficult to read, some information in the database may be incorrect and/or incomplete. Charleston, Ninety Six, Eutaw Springs; sent to Jamaica in 1782. Parole specifically dealt with individual prisoners of war, and so the process of being removed from imprisonment or house arrest and placed on parole was very simple and speedy. The following six principalities within the Holy Roman Empire signed treaties with Great Britain to provide troops for the war: Hesse-Cassel, Brunswick-Wolfenbttel, Hesse-Hanau, Ansbach-Bayreuth, Waldeck and Anhalt-Zerbst. What kind of men became officers? After the Seven Years' War, the British government attempted to increase control over its American colonies. Washington ordered his troops to take the prisoners in and "treat them with humanity," which they did. Who commands them? The Hon. These soldiers were mostly German but many were also Swedish, French, etc. Warrant for payment: used only for the warrants of pay themselves, not for lists of warrants. Charleston, Ninety Six, Eutaw Springs; sent to St. Lucia in 1782. Other Americans, except slave owners already named in the. The 78th Foot, the 83rd Foot and the 95th Foot were stationed in Jersey, where they defeated a French invasion of the island in 1781 (the Battle of Jersey). Battalion soldier of HM 63rd Regiment of Foot NPS photo Back to the British Redcoat- what did he wear? [citation needed] The climate of the South worsened the difficult conditions. Washington, Boudinot, etc. Facilities there were limited. At first, only lists of Loyalists, or people presumed to have been Loyalists, were to be indexed. Presumably all of the regiments kept Order Books however not all have been found. How about their leaders? The Continental Congress took the stance that since prisoners of war were enemy combatants, not criminals, the treatment of POWs differed from criminals. Those in America fought at Sunbury, Savannah, Augusta, Briar Creek, Mobile, Baton Rouge, and surrendered during the Siege of Pensacola. British Soldiers, American War - Museum of the American Revolution Transferred to the West Indies in 1782. British attempts to assert greater control over colonial affairs after a long period . 5th Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1774 (Boston). Orders: mainly used for military orders or instructions. 2. Elements transferred to Charleston in 1779 as the British Legion (led by Lt. Col. Banastre Tarleton), and fought at Blackstocks Plantation, Cowpens, Guilford Court House, and Yorktown (captured). Great Bridge. [7], The loyalist stronghold of St. Augustine, Florida, was also used by the British to detain patriot prisoners. For records covering: For brief details of individuals who served with the British Army in North America search by regiment name in muster rolls and paylists in WO 10, WO 12 and WO 13. Charleston, transferred north, and fought in the New York Campaign. 74th Regiment of Foot (Argyle Highlanders): Arrived in America in 1779 (New York). So we were all countermanded. In addition to the regular army the list includes German auxiliary units (known collectively as Hessians), and militia and provincial units formed from Loyalists, West Indians, and Canadians. Their labor made up for shortages caused by the number of men serving in the Continental Army. [35], There were three ways for a prisoner of war to achieve freedom after being captured: desertion, exchange, or parole. Returned to England in 1782. State of the Provost: used for the weekly reports of the provost. Siege of Boston, Bunker Hill, New York Campaign; sent to St. Lucia in 1778. Transferred to Qubec in 1779. Medicine and Disease. Category : British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War Penobscot. October 2, 2007. This information was not translated. Return of Property: used for a few lists of barrack houses, vestry houses, vestry tenants, etc. The Americans believed that all captives should be taken prisoner. Mr. Young, a clergyman of the Church of England, who lived in the town of Aithlone. United States Military Records Revolutionary War Loyalist Records. He returned to England but was lost at sea. Sent to East Florida in 1778 and transferred to St. Kitts in 1779. I found him and enlisted three or four young men. Information from: FamilySearch Library Consultants. Forgotten Patriots, p. 190. This is a list of British soldiers in the American Revolutionary War. Sent to East Florida in 1778 and fought at Charleston. [39] While state and local government had considerable power over parole, the federal government had power of negotiating exchanges. The war effort was very different in the North as contrasted with the South. Despite the lack of formal executions, neglect achieved the same results as hanging. British Loyalists in the Revolutionary War. Reorganized and transferred to Jamaica in 1782. We arrived at Sandy Hook, and found the harbor of New York full of transports with British troops. The original British Headquarters Papers, New York (or Carleton Papers) are preserved at the National Archives in England. Reorganized and transferred to the West Indies in 1777. 47th (Lancashire) Regiment of Foot: Arrived in America in 1773 (New Jersey). An estimated one-third of the people of the American colonies remained loyal to Great Britain during the Revolutionary War. How Old Were Most British Soldiers in the Revolutionary War? Canada's Digital Collection. The On-line Institute for Advanced Loyalist Studies site has a few of the Order Books on their site. Note that requests should include all the details provided in the database entry. From 1777 to 1778, Lieutenant General Henry Clinton was providing food for the Convention Army, but he eventually decided to end his assistance and to place the full economic burden of providing for the prisoners on the US government. The outlines often list published works concerning Loyalists of that state. "[11], During the war, at least 16 hulks, including the infamous HMS Jersey, were placed by British authorities in the waters of Wallabout Bay off the shores of Brooklyn, New York as a place of incarceration for many thousands of American soldiers and sailors from about 1776 to about 1783.
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