Conclusions: When based on the MDC for the subgroup, scale width was within the 15% criterion. PDF Roland Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire Four tools are recognised as having good psychometric properties and are widely used with linguistic adaptations in different countries. The Back Pain Function Scale (BPFS) Overview: The Back Pain Function Scale (BPFS) to evaluation functional ability in patients with back pain. For any individual, a small number of changes in responses from yes to no or vice versa could have a very large effect on the score. Investigators and qualified colleagues translated the English version of the QBPDS into Dutch, Iranian, Brazilian Portuguese, Turkish, Chinese, Greek, Polish, Korean, and Arabic. However, if Bonferroni adjustments are made for all 21 paired comparisons, none of the effects are significant. Toll-Free U.S. In addition, this outcome measure is simple and easy to demonstrate and implement[3]. However, because we believe an observed change in scores must be at least equal to the MDC to be 90% confident that the observed change is not simply due to measurement error, we propose that questionnaires with more than 15% of respondents scoring within the MDC at the upper or lower end of the available range of scores should not be used. It is highly correlated with the Roland Morris . In all 3 studies, the questionnaires were administered on 2 occasions, and a global change scale was used as the criterion for meaningful change. Davidson and Keating examined the test-retest reliability at patients with low back pain who reported no change during six weeks. Our data indicate that the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, the SF-36 Physical Functioning scale, and the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale have sufficient reliability and scale width to be applied in an ambulatory clinical population with low back problems. In those studies where test-retest reliability was evaluated over longer periods, only data from subjects who were classified as unchanged based on patient ratings10,22 or patient and therapist ratings on a retrospective change scale25 were included. Fordyce doi: 10.23749/mdl.v113i3.12859. 1), which could have influenced their responses. Clinicians, therefore, should have alternative or multiple strategies for measuring functional outcome, and they should be aware of the limitations of each method. Measures of function in low back pain/disorders: Low Back Pain Rating Scale (LBPRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation (PILE), Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS), and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. This is often achieved by having the participants rate the overall amount of change they have experienced.10,20,21,25, In 3 studies,10,20,21 various combinations of questionnaires were administered to people who were receiving physical therapy, and the questionnaires' responsiveness was studied. Before 3 Moderate Pain , Deyo RA, Atlas SJ, et al. Read our, Outcome Measurment Tools in Physical Therapy. The Oswestry, Quebec, Roland-Morris, and Waddell questionnaires were all developed to measure activity limitation in people with low back problems and take only a few minutes to complete and score. Stratford 2020 Aug 28;4(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s41687-020-00234-5. Accessibility Reliability, cross-sectional validity, and longitudinal validity (sensitivity to change) coefficients were calculated. Because completion of questionnaires was unsupervised, there was no way of knowing whether subjects completed the questionnaires in the order in which they were presented. . Abstract Study design: A prospective repeated-measures design was applied. (1996). More reliable and responsive methods need to be developed for measuring activity limitation in people with low back pain. The pattern confirmed to us the direction and magnitude of mean change scores for the 7 levels of the global change scale that we expected. [4], The evidence has been extensively examined. Spine 20: 1943-1949 . Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The Roland-Morris questionnaire score was a count of the chosen items, and the Waddell questionnaire score was the sum of the yes responses. If a clinician sees few patients with low back problems and fast processing of results is the primary consideration, then the Waddell Disability Index may be appropriate. PMC , de Vet HCW, Koke AJA. ICC: 0.83 from two week test-retest study of back pain patients. "A study of the natural history of back pain. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! National Library of Medicine (Grade of recommendation: B) [2], The patients and the clinicians both accept the use of the QBPDS. The error associated with a patient's change score (95% CI) was 27.7% of the scale range for the RMQ and 22.2% for the BPFS. Paired t tests confirmed that for all scales, the questionnaire scores were not different between the start of the study and follow-up. Aaronson Items were pulled from already existing instruments, such as SIP, OLBPD, QBPD, Dallas Pain Questionnaire (DPQ), RMQ, MOS-36,and PSFS, and interviews with physical therapists(Longo et al., 2010). If the aim is to quantify the responsiveness of an outcome measure to be used in research, then we believe that a distribution-based method would be most appropriate, as this information could be used to estimate sample size and statistical power. Much of the information currently available on the reliability of measurements obtained with and responsiveness of the 5 questionnaires is from studies that drew samples from clinical populations other than patients receiving physical therapy,8,9,11,12,14,24 from only 1 or 2 physical therapy practices or hospital departments,17,18,25 or from both physical therapy and medical treatment centers.10. None of the scales were more responsive than any other. Careers. DL The 95% confidence intervals that are presented in Table 7 indicate that there are no differences in the estimate of the mean SRM across instruments. Zimmerman Total Score (Adjusted) with Interpretations. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. L Methods of exploring responsiveness can be classified either as those that measure change alone (distribution-based methods) or those that measure clinically meaningful change (criterion-based methods).27,28 Criterion-based methods require that a judgment be made as to whether clinically meaningful change has occurred over the retest period. Results. Because on one of the scales (ie, the SF-36 Bodily Pain scale) there was a difference in the unchanged group between the initial score and the follow-up score, we also calculated ICCs on questionnaire scores for the subgroup of 16 subjects who rated themselves as about the same.. You feel no need to seek treatment or medical attention. Results: Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. 2021 Aug 3;10(2):96-101. doi: 10.4103/jrpp.JRPP_21_31. A., Esdaile, J. M., et al. . MeSH "The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Part I: development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain." In the study by Patrick et al, subjects rated the overall change in their leg pain rather than the change in their overall condition. FOIA We chose the SRM because it is the only distribution-based method for which a method of hypothesis testing has been described.27,37 We believe there is considerable opportunity in the repeated iterations of Liang and colleagues' complex SRM procedure37 for error. PW In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. The questionnaires were administered at patients' initial visits, within 48 hours of the initial visit, and at 1-, 2-, and 3-week follow-up visits. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. Please enable scripts and reload this page. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation of BPFS with RMQ, ODI, and SF-36. It needs to be established whether an independent evaluation of change based on these data would be a better criterion of change in patients with low back pain.52,53. may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. "A comparison of five low back disability questionnaires: reliability and responsiveness." We are the first authors to report on reliability and responsiveness for these 5 questionnaires in a sample drawn from the range of settings in which patients with low back pain seek physical therapy interventions. 2016 Jul 29;17:369. doi: 10.1186/s13063-016-1496-9. 2010 Sep 1:19(9): 1484-94. Table 4 shows that for the 47 subjects who were classified as unchanged, there was no difference between initial and follow-up scores on any questionnaire except the SF-36 Bodily Pain scale. PDF The Back Pain Function Scale (BPFS) of Stratford et al - Yola Study Design. WM Read on to learn about the Oswestry Disability Index, what it's used for, and how it works. If you believe that this Physiopedia article is the primary source for the information you are refering to, you can use the button below to access a related citation statement. [1], Original versions of the scale were developed in French and English and were reported to meet the most stringent criteria for a health assessment instrument. We identified 19 scales or questionnaires, 9 specifically for low back pain and with a concept of functional incapacity. Used for assessing physical functions during stages weeks of back pain, The patient can easily understand and use this scale, Cannot be used in patients having back pain after two weeks. HJM The instructions also urge that if the sentence does not describe you, then leave the space blank; therefore, it is possible that subjects will not select an item if they have not attempted that activity that day. Measures of function in low back pain/disorders: Low Back Pain Rating It is a self -administered questionnaire consisting of 12 items that . The rst domain includes six 11-point scales, concerning current pain, worst pain in the last 2 Disclaimer. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Early identification of risk factors for the development of chronic LBP can help clinicians choose appropriate treatment options and improve . , Binkley JM, Solomon P, et al. Study Design: Correlational quantitative study, Recruitment: Patients were recruited from in-patient and out-patient physiotherapy rehabilitation center, Study setting: This study was performed in Turkey. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help For patients with chronic low back pain is minimal detectable change 15.8. Many questionnaires focusing on function have been developed in patients with low back pain. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Liang The ICCs for the Role LimitationsPhysical and Bodily Pain scales of the SF-36 in our study were considerably lower than those reported by Patrick et al22 (ICC=.80 and .67). The Oswestry Disability Index includes questions regarding symptoms and severity of low back pain and the extent that these symptoms interfere with regular activities. Beurskens Med Lav. The scale covers 3 domains: back and leg pain (60 points), disability (30 points), and physical impair-ment (40 points). Please check for further notifications by email. Bookshelf sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Massive Stroke: Types, Recovery, and Long-Term Effects, How to Qualify for Social Security Benefits With Osteoporosis, 10 Things to Stop Doing If You Have Low Back Pain, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Comparison of the SF6D, the EQ5D, and the oswestry disability index in patients with chronic low back pain and degenerative disc disease, Arthritis, including inflammatory types of arthritis like. For the 52 subjects classified as improved, all questionnaire scores were different at follow-up (P<.0001). http:///index.php?title=Back_Pain_Functional_Scale&oldid=323185, Usual work, housework, or school activities, Usual hobbies, recreational, or sporting activities, Performance of heavy activities around your home, Lifting a box of groceries from the floor, Going up or down 2 flights of stairs (about 20 steps), The higher the score the greater the patient's functional ability. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000222141.61424.f7. The ICC for the subgroup of 16 subjects was .92 (95% CI=.79.97), and the MDC based on this ICC value was 10.5. (PDF) Low Back Pain Functional Disability in Athletes , Couper J, Davies JB, O'Brien JP. Your message has been successfully sent to your colleague. The Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and PNF Compared With The reliability of measurements obtained with the Waddell Disability Index is moderate, but we believe the scale width is insufficient to recommend it for clinical application. Hopman Accessibility Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Reliability coefficients for a group of 37 subjects with back pain of more than 6 months' duration were similar or identical to the coefficients for the group that was classified as unchanged.. The SF-36 Role LimitationsPhysical scale scores were positively skewed at pretest and posttest for the unchanged group. Some patients remarked that a couple of items were not precise enough and the choice between scores 0 and 1 and between 4 and 5 wasnt always convenient. Baker et al9 reported a reliability coefficient of r=.89 for a same-day test-retest of the modified Oswestry questionnaire. Bookshelf Megan Davidson , Jennifer L Keating, A Comparison of Five Low Back Disability Questionnaires: Reliability and Responsiveness, Physical Therapy, Volume 82, Issue 1, 1 January 2002, Pages 824, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/82.1.8. It is simple and easy to understand and administer by the patients. Further Examination of the Pain Stages of Change Questionnaires Among Chronic Low Back Pain Patients: Long-Term Predictive Validity of Pretreatment and Posttreatment Change Scores and Stability of Posttreatment Scores. Activity limitations are defined in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health [ICIDH-2] as difficulties an individual may have in executing activities.3 Impairments such as decreased range of movement and reduced straight leg raise can be observed by therapists. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. A comparison study of the back pain functional scale and - PubMed A Young Scientist's Journey after a Stroke, Care by the Numbers: Skilled Nursing versus Inpatient Rehabilitation, WSJ: Recognizing Aphasia and Seeking Treatment, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab Ranked No. However, using di erent The correlation coefficients between the PFM and the back-specific criterion questionnaires ranged between 0.61 and 0.83, indicating good concurrent criterion validity. This study was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of La Trobe University. , de Vet HCW, Koke AJA, et al. A change of at least 15 points in the Quebec questionnaire score of an individual patient (and possibly as much as 19 points) would be necessary, in our view, to be 90% confident that real change had occurred. The BPFS is a self-report measure that evaluates a patient's functional status related to back pain. Are measures of function and disability important in low back care? North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network." The primary goal in the treatment of patients with low back pain is to improve the patients levels of activities and participation. (Grade of recommendation: B) [2] Davidson and Keating found a minimal detectable change of 19 (95% CI 14-24) in patients with low back pain who reported no change during six weeks. For example, on the SF-36 Role LimitationsPhysical scale, the 3 subjects who rated their problem as a little worse had an average worsening of 17 points, whereas the 2 subjects who rated themselves as much worse improved by an average of 13 points. We tested the responsiveness of the modified Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) for patients with low back pain (LBP) and sciatica and made a comparison with the modified Roland-Morris Disability Scale for sciatica (RMS-L) and self-reported pain intensity measured by visual analogue scale (VAS). J Int Med Res. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2005; 30:130140. High test-retest reliability coefficients have generally been reported for the scores obtained with the 5 questionnaires. In this article, we use the term scale width to indicate the capacity of a scale to have initial scores that are far enough onto the scale to allow detection of change in scores over time. , Hadorn D. Wright Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! and transmitted securely. Scott Study design: . There was no difference in age or sex between subjects who returned both sets of questionnaires and those who returned only the first set. FOIA One hundred forty participants (68%) returned the first set of questionnaires, and 106 participants (51%) returned the follow-up package 6 weeks later. The reliability coefficient reported as a value between 0 and 1 does not allow us, in our view, to judge whether the measurement has sufficient reliability for a particular purpose. We believe that the modified Oswestry questionnaire has sufficient reliability to recommend it as a standardized measure of activity limitation. Just as measurements obtained with a test may be reliable but not valid, it is possible for a test to yield reliable measurements but to be unresponsive. The MDC of 22 is close to the 21 points we estimated from the data reported by Patrick et al. Kersten RFMR, Fikkers J, Wolterbeek N, ner FC, van Gaalen SM. An official website of the United States government. Scale Width of Questionnaires at Initial Measurementa, SF-36=Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey.13,14, bSubjects who self-rated their condition as about the same or a little better/worse and who were classified as unchanged.. However, without statistical testing of the difference between questionnaires, it is not clear whether observed differences are likely to reflect genuine or chance variations.27. There was a good correlation among the 5 functional outcome measures (correlation r = 0.693 for BPFS/RMQ, r = 0.794 for BPFS/ODI, r = 0.697 for BPFS/SF-36 Physical function and r = 0.540 for BPFS/SF-36 Pain).
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