such Robbery or Spoil shall not make Satisfaction accordingly, Realm of England fit for that Purpose, thin the Person or Persons by Knights Service, yielding and paying therefore to Us, Our Heirs He Saviour of Mankind, and the Christian Faith, which in Our Royal CHARLES the Second, by the Grace of GOD, KING of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. . 7280 for a discussion of the interplay between religion and the promotion of civic virtue in the early state constitutions. and some other Part thereof gained by Conquest, and with touch and these Our Letters Patents, or the Duplicate, or Business and Affairs of the said Company, and that for ever Charles the Second, [&c.] Whereas . and Successors, only the Fifth Part of all the Ore of Gold add Body Politique, and them into the same to admit; And to elect and AND these our letters Patents, or the Duplicate or Exemplification thereof, shall bee to all and every such Officers, Superiors and inferiors, from tyme to tyme, for the Putting of the same Orders, Lawes, Statutes, Ordinances, Instruccons and Direccons in due Execucon, against vs, our heires and Successors, a sufficient warrant and discharge. Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Connecticut - 1662 The See, e.g., Vernon Louis Parrington, Main Currents in American Thought, vol. Winthrop, John Mason, Samuel Wyllys, Henry Clarke, Matthew Allyn, Acts and Lawsof the State of Connecticut, 360. General Assembly, or the major Part of them shall be thought fit, the Execution of their said Offices and Places respectively, take Governor and Company, and their Successors: And we do hereby for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, Government, and Magistracy, fit and necessary for the said Oath to the said John Winthrop accordingly: And the said John VII, secs. [Connecticut.] Loading the Internet Archive BookReader, please wait. The Connecticut Charter of 1662 In 1660, King Charles II reassumed the monarchy in England, effectively ending the period of the English Revolution. Deputy-Governor, and Assistants of the said Company, and other . ordering of the general Business and all airs of and concerning of Deputy-Governor, and Six of the Assistants at least, to be It may be hard to believe, but a document from the mid-1600s granted Connecticut control over a huge swath of land from present-day Rhode Island all the way to the Pacific Coast. Obadiah Bowed, John Clerke, Anthony Hawkins, John Deming, and Ranters were an anarchic, quasi-religious movement thatemerged in 1648 to the horror of orthodox Puritans. Successors will make open Proclamation within any Parts of Our according to their Discretions, and immediately upon and after 1 (Winter 2012): 200. Connecticut, in New-England, in America, aforesaid, in these Charters : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive The Charter of Connecticut, 1662 by Connecticut. 5. B. Eerdmans, 2005), 214. as shall be so elected or deputed, and be present at such Meeting Greenes understanding parallels the civic republicanism that was a growing part of the political culture of America in the eighteenth century. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Namely, the said Second Thursday in May, the Governor, Patents. the Land and Hereditaments herein after mentioned to- be granted, In the early morning hours of August 21, 1856, the Charter Oak the ancient living symbol of Connecticut's most cherished values and icon of its core identity crashed to a ground-shaking death amid the fierce winds and blinding rain of an overnight summer storm. New-England, in America, and their Successors, That it shall and David Hall, John M. Murrin, and Thad W. Tate (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1984), 152206. shall at anv Time or Times hereafter rob or spoil by Sea or by the said Plantation, or the hurt of the said Company and Mason, who is herein before nominated and appointed the present Lelands polemics are summarized by Trumbull, Historical Notes, 32. Execution, according to the true Intent and Meaning of The same, Visiting the Museum - Welcome to the Museum of CT History lawful for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, to put such Person or . ought to be paid or payable for the same.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'constitution_org-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_4',139,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-constitution_org-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); And further, Our Will and Pleasure is, and We do for Us, See also Christopher Collier, The Common Law and Individual Rights in Connecticut before the Federal Bill of Rights, Connecticut Bar Journal 76 (2002): 89. Our Realm of England, or any other Corporation or Body Politique and for the directing, ruling and disposing of all other Matters Graunt . From the State Historian: The Map That Wasn't a Map - Connecticut It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that the Secretary shall not nominate any person, nor shall any person be chosen newly into the Magistracy which was not propounded in some General Court before, to be nominated the next Election; and to that end it shall be lawful for each of the Towns aforesaid by their deputies to nominate any two whom they conceive fit to be put to election; and the Court may add so many more as they judge requisite. by these Presents give full Power and Authority to give and Power and authority to alter-and change their Days and Times of And lastly, We do for Us, our Heirs and Successors, grant the respective Towns, Cities, and Places for which they shall be Charter Oak - Wikipedia shall be admitted and made free of the Company and Society of Our AND further, wee will, and by theis presents for vs, our heires and Successors DOE Ordaine and Graunt that the Governour of the said Company for the tyme being, or, in his absence by occasion of sicknes, or otherwise by his leave or permission, the Deputy Governour for the tyme being, shall and may from tyme to tyme vpon all occasions give Order for the assembling of the said Company and calling them together to Consult and advise of the businesse and Affairs of the said Company, And that for ever hereafter Twice in every yeare, (That is to say,) on every Second Thursday in October and on every Second Thursday in May, or oftener, in Case it shall bee requisite, The Assistants and freemen of the said Company, or such of them, (not exceeding twoe Persons from each Place, Towne or Citty) whoe, shall bee from tyme to tyme therevnto Elected or deputed by the major parte of the freemen of the respective Townes, Cittyes and Places for which they shall bee soe elected or Deputed, shall have a generall meeting or Assembly, then and their to Consult and advise in and about the Affaires And businesse of the said Company; And that the Governour, or in his absence the Deputy Governour of the said Company for the tyme being, and such of the Assistants and freemen of the said Company as shall be soe Elected or Deputed and bee present att such meeting or Assembly, or the greatest number of them, whereof the Governour or Deputy Governour and Six of the Assistants, at least, to bee Seaven, shall be called the Generall Assembly, and shall have full power and authority to alter and change their dayes and tymes of meeting or Generall Assemblies for Electing the Governour, Deputy Governour and Assistants or other Officers or any other Courts, Assemblies or meetings, and to Choose, Nominate and appoint such and soe many other Persons as they shall thinke fitt and shall bee willing to accept the same, to bee free of the said Company and Body Politique, and them into the same to Admitt and to Elect, and Constitute such Officers as they shall thinke fitt and requisite for the Ordering, Manageing and disposeing of the Affaires of the said Governour and Company and their Successors. It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that when any General Court upon the occasions of the Commonwealth have agreed upon any sum, or sums of money to be levied upon the several Towns within this Jurisdiction, that a committee be chosen to set out and appoint what shall be the proportion of every Town to pay of the said levy, provided the committee be made up of an equal number out of each Town. Connecticut Colony Charter of 1662 Printer Friendly CHARLES THE SECOND, BY THE GRACE OF GOD, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, defender of the Faith, &c.; To all to whome theis presents shall come Greetinge: principally interested in Our Colony or Plantation of Connecticut, And for the better execucon of our Royall Pleasure herein, WEE DOE for vs, our heires and Successors, Assigne, name, Constitute and appoint the aforesaid John Winthrop to bee the first and present Governour of the said Company; And the said John Mason to bee the Deputy Governour; And the said Samuell Willis, Mathew Allen, Nathan Gold, Henry Clerke, Richard Treat, John Ogden, Thomas Tappen, John Talcott, Thomas Wells, Henry Woolcot, Richard Lord and Daniell Clerke to bee the Twelve present Assistants of the said Company; to contynue in the said severall Offices respectively, vntill the second Thursday which shall bee in the moneth of October now next comeing. And further, wee will and Ordeine, and by theis presents for vs, our heires and Successors Doe Declare and appoint, that for the better ordering and manageing of the affaires and businesse of the said Company and their Successors, there shall be one Governour, one Deputy Governour and Twelve Assistants to bee from tyme to tyme Constituted, Elected and Chosen out of the Freemen of the said Company for the tyme being, in such manner and forme as hereafter in these presents is expressed; which said Officers shall apply themselves to take care for the best disposeing and Ordering of the Generall business and affaires of and concerning the lands and hereditaments herein after menconed to bee graunted, and the Plantacon thereof and the Government of the People thereof. new from Time to Time, at their Wills and Pleasures, as they shall hereby declare for any Misdemeanor or Default, to be removable by and resist by Force of Arms, as well by Sea as by Land, and also J. Hammond Trumbull, Historical Notes on the Constitutions of Connecticut, 16391818 (Hartford: Brown & Gross, 1873), 7. and Plantations have been obtained and settled in that Part of the He also served as Governor of Connecticut from 1659 to 1675, and he was instrumental in obtaining the colony's 1662 charter which incorporated New Haven into Connecticut. create and make them a Body Politicly and Corporate, with the for Imposition of lawful Fines, Mulcts. An Act Relative to the People Commonly Called Quakers, Acts and Lawsof the State of Connecticut, 348. Charter of the colony of Connecticut, 1662 . same Laws, Fines, Mulcts and Executions, to alter, change, revoke, Governor and Company of the English Colony of Connecticut, in Bradley Chapin, Criminal Justice in Colonial America, 16061660 (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1983), 34. It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that Windsor, Hartford, and Wethersfield shall have power, each Town, to send four of their Freemen as their deputies to every General Court; and Whatsoever other Town shall be hereafter added to this Jurisdiction, they shall send so many deputies as the Court shall judge meet, a reasonable proportion to the number of Freemen that are in the said Towns being to be attended therein; which deputies shall have the power of the whole Town to give their votes and allowance to all such laws and orders as may be for the public good, and unto which the said Towns are to be bound. until the second Thursday which shall be in the Month of October Albert Edward McKinley, The Suffrage Franchise in the Thirteen English Colonies in America (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1905), 415. John Winthrop Jr. (1606-1676) - Connecticut History | a CTHumanities Wells, who are herein before nominated and appointed the present Collier takes the position that the Fundamental Orders, though not a fully developed writtenconstitution, possessed the essential elements of constitutionalism, i.e., a document that defined and limited the government. The Charter of Connecticut, 1662 A judicial consensus on this strict construction had emerged by 1773. newly-elected Officers, and granting necessary Commissions, and Acts and Laws of the State of Connecticut in America (Hartford: Hudson & Goodwin, 1805), 2122. from Time to Time, and at all Times hereafter, to take Ship, and Name, by the Name of, Governor and Company of the English . Successful Plantations of divers of Our loving Subjects of this such Prince or State, or their Subjects, We, Our Heirs and . Much ink has been expended on the question of whether the Fundamental Orders was Americas first constitution. able and capable in the Law, to plead and be impleaded, to answer Immunities of free Did natural Subjects within any the Dominions CHARLES the Second, by the Grace of GOD, KING of England, as are or shall be therein restrained by Us, Our Heirs and Packard, Caleb L. "Eyewitness Account of the Fall of the Charter Oak," 1856. On the restoration of monarchy in England, in 1660, the Connecticut colonists had fears regarding their future. The preamble contained the constitutional principles and fundamental rights that would constitute the republic. singular Suits, Causes, Quarrels, Matters, Actions, and Things, of Christopher Collier, the leading student of Connecticuts constitutional history, emphasizes the secular dimensions of the Fundamental Orders, claiming that Hooker called for the constitution of a civil body politic, just as he and his followers had already constituted themselves an ecclesiastical body politic. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut and American Constitutionalism, Connecticut Law Review 21 (1989): 865. Petition of the Persons aforesaid, and are graciously Pleased to From Revolution to Constitution: Connecticut, . Thus individuals have a natural right to possess and enjoy their property, but the conditions and terms of that possession and enjoyment would be matters for the community to decide. Line of the If Massachusetts-Plantation; and on the South by the unto the said Governor and Company and their Successors, All that parte of our Dominions in Newe England in America bounded on the East by Norrogancett River, comonly called Norrogancett Bay, where the said River falleth into the Sea, and on the North by the Iyne of the Massachusetts Plantation, and on the South by the Sea, and in longitude as the Iyne of the Massachusetts Colony, runinge from East to West, (that is to say,) from the said Narrogancett Bay on the East to the South Sea on the West parte, with the Islands thereunto adjoyneinge. 1996-2022 Historycentral.com Inc. All Rights Reserved. shall find Needful for the Government, and Plantation of the said Books Gardiner, Lion, and W. Dodge. The General Assembly met in Hartford for the May sessions and in New Haven for the October sessions until 1818. The Susquehanna Settlers - Connecticut History | a CTHumanities Project to kill, slay, and destroy by all fitting Ways Enterprises, and ordained, or provided, or any other Matter, Cause, or Thing And . said Oath before One or more of the Masters of Our Court of aforesaid, and to the End the Affairs and Business which shall Do ordain, constitute and declare, that they the said John 12. . The Avalon Project : Charter of Connecticut - 1662 - Yale University a sufficient Warrant and Discharge. or any of them belonging. Thomas Hooker a short time before their adoption, in the course of which he laid down the proposition "The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people," and which he closed with the challenge: "As God has given us liberty let us take it." said Colony of Connecticut, such Wharves, Stages, and Work-Houses Peter J. Galie . Connecticut was one of two coloniesthe other Rhode Islandthat did not adopt a homegrown constitution: it maintained its colonial charter as its governing document, which afforded a significant amount of governing freedom. But none of these Courts shall be adjourned or dissolved without the consent of the major part of the Court. Detail of Warwick patent copy until John Winthrop, Jr., 1662 . Purposes whatsoever, as if the they and every of them were born (*Having been admitted Inhabitants by the major part of the Town wherein they live) or the major part of such as shall be then present. Death or Removal, and administring the said Oath to the Historical Antecendents - CT.gov America; And that by the same name they and their Successors shall and may have perpetuall Succession, and shall and mey bee Persons able and Capable in the law to Plead and bee Impleaded, to Answere and to be Answered vnto, to Defend and bee Defended in all and Singular, Suits, Causes, quarrelles, Matters, Accons and things of what kind or nature soever, And alsoe to have, take, possesse, acquire and purchase lands Tenements or hereditaments, or any goods or Chattells, and the same to, Lease, Graunt, Demise, Alien, bargaine, Sell and dispose of, as other our leige People of this our Realme of England, or any other Corporacon or Body Politique within the same may lawfully doe. being, and such of the Assistants and Freemen of the said Company acquire, and purchase Lands, Tenements, or Hereditaments, or any Bills of Rights Before the Bill of Rights pp 349367Cite as. The Charter of Connecticut, 1662. - WorldCat.org Our Realm of England, several lands, Islands, Places, Colonies, It is Ordered, sentenced, and decreed, that the Governor shall, either by himself or by the Secretary, send out summons to the Constables of every Town for the calling of these two standing Courts one month at least before their several times: And also if the Governor and the greatest part of the Magistrates see cause upon any special occasion to call a General Court, they may give order to the Secretary so to do within fourteen days' warning: And if urgent necessity so required, upon a shorter notice, giving sufficient grounds for it to the deputies when they meet, or else be questioned for the same; And if the Governor and major part of Magistrates shall either neglect or refuse to call the two General standing Courts or either of them, as also at other times when the occasions of the Commonwealth require, the Freemen thereof, or the major part of them, shall petition to them so to do; if then it be either denied or neglected, the said Freemen, or the major part of them, shall have power to give order to the Constables of the several Towns to do the same, and so may meet together, and choose to themselves a Moderator, and may proceed to do any act of power which any other General Courts may. IN WITNES whereof, we have caused these our Letters to be made Patent; WITNES our Selfe, att Westminister, the three and Twentieth day of Aprill, in the Fowerteenth yeare of our Reigne. Christopher Collier, All Politics Is Local: Family, Friends, and Provincial Interests in the Creation of the Constitution (Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 2003), 50. Thursday in October, and on every Second Thursday in May, or AND WEE DOE FURTHER, of our especiall grace, certeine knowledge and meere mocon, give and Graunt vnto the said Governour and Company of the English Colony of Connecticutt in New England in America, and their Successors, that itt shall and may bee lawful to and for the Governour or Deputy Governour and such of the Assistants of the said Company for the tyme being as shall bee Assembled in any of the Generall Courts aforesaid, or in any Courts to be especially Sumoned or Assembled for that purpose, or the greater parte of them, whereof the Governour or Deputy Governour and Six of the Assistants, to be all wayes Seaven, to Erect and make such Judicatories for the heareing and Determining of all Accons, Causes, matters and things happening within the said Colony or Plantacon and which shall bee in dispute and depending there, as they shall thinke fitt and convenient; And alsoe from tyme to tyme to Make, Ordaine and Establish All manner of wholesome and reasonable Lawes, Statutes, Ordinances, Direccons and Instruccons, not contrary to the laws of this Realme of England, as well for setling the formes and Ceremonies of Government and Magestracy fitt and necessary for the said Plantacon and the Inhabitants there as for naming and Stileing all sorts of Officers, both superior and inferior, which they shall find needfull for the Government and Plantacon of the said Colony, and the distinguishing and setting forth of the severall Dutyes, Powers and Lymitts of every such Office and Place, and the formes of such Oaths, not being contrary to the Laws and Statutes of this our Realme of England, to bee administered for the Execucon of the said severall Offices and Places; As alsoe for the disposeing and Ordering of the Eleccon of such of the said Officers as are to bee Annually Chosen, and of such others as shall succeed in case of death or removall, and Administering the said Oath to the new Elected Officers, and Graunting necessary Comissions, and for imposicon of lawfull Fines, Mulcts, Imprisonment or other Punishment vpon Offenders and Delinquents, according to the Course of other Corporacons within this our Kingdome of England, and the same Lawes, fines, Mulcts and Execucons to alter, change, revoke, adnull, release or Pardon, vnder their Comon Seale, As by the said Generall Assembly or the major part of them shall be thought fitt; And for the directing, ruleing and disposing of all other matters and things whereby our said people, Inhabitants there, may bee soe religiously, peaceably and civilly Governed as their good life and orderly Conversacon may wynn and invite the Natives of the Country to the knowledge and obedience of the onely true God and Saviour of mankind, and the Christian faith, which in our Royall intencons and the Adventurers free profession is the onely and principall end of this Plantacon; WILLING, Commanding and requireing, and by these presents, for vs, our heires and Successors, Ordaineing and appointeing. . The Royal Charter of 1662, granted by King Charles II, is one of the earliest and most significant legal documents in Connecticut history. . Motion, We have given and granted, and by these presents for Us, Our Heirs and Successors, ordain, declare, and grant unto the said in America, and to every Inhabitant there, and to every Person and . . where the said River falleth into the Sea; and on the North by the NEVERTHELESSE, Our Will and pleasure is, AND WEE DOE hereby Declare vnto all Christian Kings, Princes and States, That if any Persons which shall hereafter Bee of the said Company or Plantacon, or any other, by appointment of the said Governor and Company for the tyme being, shall at any tyme or tymes hereafter Robb or Spoile by Sea or by land, and doe any hurt, violence or unlawful hostility to any of the Subjects of vs, our heires or Successors, or any of the Subjects of any Prince or State beinge then in league with vs, our heires or Successors, vpon Complaint of such injury done to any such Prince or State, or their Subjects WEE, our heires and Successors, will make open Proclamacon within any parts of our Realme of England fitt for that purpose, That the Person or Persons committinge any such Robbery or Spoile, shall within the tyme lymitted by such Proclamacon, make full restitucon or satisfaccon of all such injuries done or committed, Soe as the said Prince or others soe complayneing may bee fully satisfied and contented.
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